PostgreSQL offers the following installation modes for the supported Windows systems:
GUI installation using an interactive wizard
Additionally, you have to set up the environment for using PL/Perl and PL/Python, if these procedural languages are required for your purposes. For details, see Подраздел 18.2.4.
To avoid confusion, note that there are the following different users on Windows systems:
PostgreSQL installation is performed on behalf of an operating system user. All the database files belong to this user.
You must connect to the database cluster on behalf of the user created at installation time to be able to work with the database. This is not an operating system user.
By default, PostgreSQL service is started
on behalf of NT AUTHORITY\NetworkService, which
is a special Windows Service Account. You can specify another
Windows user for starting PostgreSQL
service in the corresponding text box of the installer, if required.
The provided user must have the right to start Windows services.
PostgreSQL is available for the following 64-bit Windows versions:
Windows 8.1, 10
Windows Server 2008 R2 or higher
PostgreSQL provides an installer with an interactive wizard that configures and installs PostgreSQL, creates the default database, and enables server autostart.
To install PostgreSQL, run the provided installer as administrator and follow the on-screen instructions. Make sure to take into account the following installation specifics:
You can install all the PostgreSQL components, or customize the installation by excluding server or developer components. Сlient utilities are always installed.
The selected data directory must be empty. Otherwise,
PostgreSQL cannot create the default
database. The default data directory is
C:\Program Files\PostgresPro\11\data.
If the Allow external connections check box
is selected (default), the installer modifies postgresql.conf
and pg_hba.conf files to allow external connections.
Otherwise, PostgreSQL server
is listening for connections from the localhost only. If you decide
to enable external connections when the installation is complete,
you have to modify the Windows Firewall configuration to
allow PostgreSQL server to accept connections.
Make sure to remember the username and password you set up when installing PostgreSQL as it will be required to connect to the PostgreSQL server when using password-based authentication methods.
By default, PostgreSQL uses icu
collations. If you are upgrading an installation with the default
collation provided by libc, such as
PostgreSQL, make sure to choose
libc collation provider in the corresponding
drop-down list of the installer.
PostgreSQL provides a pre-configured psql that you can launch from the Start menu, so you do not have to configure the standard environment variables. However, if you would like to work with PostgreSQL from the standard command prompt without specifying full paths to the binary files, select the Set up environment variables check box.
Once the installation completes, your PostgreSQL instance is ready to use, with server autostart enabled. If you need more than one PostgreSQL instance on the same system, you have to configure them manually. For details, see Подраздел 18.2.5.
To install PostgreSQL from the command line, run the downloaded installer file passing one or more options described in Подраздел 18.2.3.1.
Installation directory path:
/D=path
Silent install:
/S
INI file that provides the options
to customize the server installation:
/init=ini_file_name
If you would like to customize the installation, you must
create the INI file manually, as described in Подраздел 18.2.3.2.
You can add the following installation options to the [options] section of the INI file:
InstallDir — path where to install server.
If you specified the /D option on the command line, it will be
overwritten by the InstallDir value.
DataDir — path where to create default
database
Port — TCP/IP port to listen. Default: 5432.
SuperUser — name of the database user who
will have admin rights in the database
Password — password of the user
noExtConnections = 1 — do not allow external
connections
Coding = UNICODE — character encoding to
use in the database
Locale — locale to use in the database.
There can be several different locales for each encoding
Vcredist = no — do not install Visual C
redistributable libraries (use it only if these libraries are
already installed on your system)
envvar = 1 — set up environment variables
helpful for PostgreSQL: PGDATA,
PGDATABASE, PGUSER,
PGPORT, PGLOCALEDIR
needoptimization = 0 — disable automatic
tuning of configuration parameters based on the available system resources.
datachecksums = 0 — disable data checksums
for the cluster.
serviceaccount — specify a Windows user for
starting PostgreSQL service. The provided
user must have the right to start Windows services. By default,
PostgreSQL service is started on behalf of
NT AUTHORITY\NetworkService, which is a special
Windows Service Account.
servicepassword — provide the password
for the Windows user specified in the
serviceaccount option.
serviceid — change PostgreSQL
service name.
islibc = 1 — use libc
as the default collation provider.
PostgreSQL distribution for Windows
systems includes PL/Perl and PL/Python
procedural languages.
To configure the system for using PL/Python, complete the following steps:
Download and install the latest available version of Python 2.7 for Windows. Choose the 64-bit version as PostgreSQL server has 64-bit architecture type. You can find the installers at https://www.python.org/.
Create the PL/Python extension by running the following command in psql:
CREATE EXTENSION plpythonu
In some cases, when you create a PL/Python function, the connection to the server is lost and the server log shows the following error message:
ImportError: module site not found
To avoid this issue, try to specify the Python installation directory in the
PYTHONHOME environment variable
and restart the PostgreSQL service.
To configure the system for using PL/Perl, complete the following steps:
Download and install ActivePerl 5.26 from https://www.activestate.com/activeperl/downloads.
Make sure to select the Add Perl to the PATH environment variable option in the installation wizard.
Restart the PostgreSQL server.
Create the PL/Perl extension by running the following command in psql:
CREATE EXTENSION plperlu
To set up several PostgreSQL server instances with different data directories on Windows, do the following:
Install PostgreSQL as explained in Подраздел 18.2.2 or Подраздел 18.2.3. The installed binary files are shared by all PostgreSQL instances, so you need to complete this step only once.
Select an empty folder that your new PostgreSQL
instance will use as the data directory. For example,
C:\Program Files\PostgresPro\11\data2.
Make sure to grant Full Control permissions
for this folder to the current OS user that will own the database files
and the user on behalf of which the server is running
(NT AUTHORITY\NetworkService by default).
Run initdb specifying the path to the new data directory and any other parameters required to initialize another server instance. For example:
"C:\Program Files\PostgresPro\11\bin\initdb.exe" --encoding=UTF8 -U "postgres" -D "C:\Program Files\PostgresPro\11\data2"
Alternatively, you can stop the running server and copy the contents of the existing data directory into the newly created folder. In this case, the new PostgreSQL instance inherits all the settings of the original instance, including authentication settings.
Modify postgresql.conf settings for the new
PostgreSQL instance as required. Make sure
to specify different ports for your server instances to avoid conflicts.
Open the command prompt as Administrator and register a new
PostgreSQL service with a unique name,
for example, postgrespro-data2:
"C:\Program Files\PostgresPro\11\bin\pg_ctl.exe" register -N "postgrespro-data2" -U "NT AUTHORITY\NetworkService" -D "C:\Program Files\PostgresPro\11\data2" -w
Start the registered service:
sc start "postgrespro-data2"
Once the service is started, your PostgreSQL instance is ready to use. If you need any additional PostgreSQL extensions, make sure to enable them for the new instance as explained in Раздел 18.3.
The procedure of uninstalling PostgreSQL for 1C depends on the number of PostgreSQL instances set up on your system.
If you have a single PostgreSQL instance
created at installation time, you only need to run the
C:\Program Files\PostgresPro\11\uninstall.exe
program. This program automatically stops the server and unregisters
the service for this instance.
If you have created any additional PostgreSQL instances, you have to complete the following steps:
Stop the server for each instance:
"C:\Program Files\PostgresPro\11\bin\pg_ctl.exe" stop -D "C:\Program Files\PostgresPro\11\data_dir" -m fast -w
Unregister the service for each instance:
"C:\Program Files\PostgresPro\11\bin\pg_ctl.exe" unregister -N "postgrespro_service_name"
Run the C:\Program Files\PostgresPro\11\uninstall.exe
to uninstall PostgreSQL binary files.