## 11.6. Unique Indexes

Indexes can also be used to enforce uniqueness of a column's value, or the uniqueness of the combined values of more than one column.

    CREATE UNIQUE INDEX name ON table (column [, ...])
    [INCLUDING (column [, ...])];

Currently, only B-tree indexes can be declared unique.

When an index is declared unique, multiple table rows with equal indexed values are not allowed. Null values are not considered equal. A multicolumn unique index will only reject cases where all indexed columns are equal in multiple rows. Columns included with clause `INCLUDING` aren't used to enforce constraints (UNIQUE, PRIMARY KEY, etc).

Postgres Pro automatically creates a unique index when a unique constraint or primary key is defined for a table. The index covers the columns that make up the primary key or unique constraint (a multicolumn index, if appropriate), and is the mechanism that enforces the constraint.

### Note

There's no need to manually create indexes on unique columns; doing so would just duplicate the automatically-created index.